While a ban on Russian oil and gas is being actively discussed in the EU and US, there is no such conversation about the civil nuclear energy supply chain from Russia to Western countries. Rosatom’s supply and construction contracts in Europe have so far allowed it to avoid sanctions. Europe’s energy conversation will also need to include its dependence on Russia’s nuclear capacity.
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The threat of nuclear escalation is one of the most effective instruments of Vladimir Putin’s foreign policy. But the international community has the means to neutralise its potency.
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Russia is investing in the development of a variety of hypersonic delivery systems. These can travel to targets at five or more times the speed of sound, elude defences by evasive manoeuvring, and deliver munitions with great precision.
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What is AUKUS and what is it not? What does it mean for Europe, NATO and the Indo-Pacific?
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The ongoing discussion about Germany’s role in NATO’s nuclear sharing arrangements is unfortunate as it raises questions about the country’s commitment to European security and defence.
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On 11-12 July 2018, the heads of state and government of the North Atlantic Alliance met in Brussels.
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There is a high probability that the Treaty between the United States of America and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the Elimination of their Intermediate-Range and Shorter-Range Missiles (INF Treaty) will be terminated within the next 12 months. European countries need to assess the consequences for their national and regional security as well as the impact on wider international security.
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Most recent commentary on Kim Jong-un’s reasoning to continue with his nuclear programme rarely fails to invoke (the rogue state’s lessons learned from) the examples of Muammar Gaddafi and Saddam Hussein.
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A special issue of Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists published an article co-authored by ICDS Director Jüri Luik and Head of Studies Tomas Jermalavičius on a plausible scenario of a limited nuclear war in Europe and on the need for the Alliance to further strengthen the deterrence posture in the Baltic area, placing a particular emphasis on deterrence by denial in order to avoid such a scenario.
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While the Baltic states and Poland kept themselves busy receiving allied reinforcements in the framework of NATO‘s Enhanced Forward Presence, things have been heating up on the other side of the globe – on the Korean peninsula.
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