As I used to live in Warsaw some years ago, I recall that some days were called “peak of pollution” and children were advised to stay indoors. The overall awareness over climate change and environmental problems was relatively low among people.
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In the last half-decade, the three Baltic states have made dramatic progress towards diversifying their energy supplies, especially of natural gas. This progress—brought about thanks to remarkable political will as well as improved regional cooperation—has resulted in considerable economic benefit while decreasing the three countries’ vulnerability to outside pressure. Yet, much remains to be done in order to complete the three countries’ internal markets.
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In recent years, NATO has made good progress in strengthening deterrence and defence postures on its eastern flank, including establishing a rotational Allied land component presence in the Baltic states and Poland.
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In April, cinemas across Poland began to screen a new black comedy film Mug (Twarz in Polish), a relatively obvious criticism of the power of the church in Polish society that paints a vivid picture of small towns and villages—the so-called Poland B.
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On 5-6 December 2017, Ambassador (ret) Pauli Järvenpää, Senior Research Fellow at the ICDS, attended a conference arranged by the Polish Ministry of National Defence at the Military Studies University in Warsaw, Poland.
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The rapid cooling of relations between Ukraine and Poland is not a bolt from the blue—in fact, they have occasionally been problematic before.
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